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11x3 -- Gini coefficients and other income inequality measures, 1966-2022

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12/19/2023
Gini coefficient (%):
%
Theil index:
Indeksi
Mean log deviation (MLD):
Indeksi
Income quintile share ratio (S80/S20):
Suhde
Income decile share ratio (S90/S10):
Suhde
Palma ratio:
Suhde
Absolute Gini (mean absolute difference):
Euros
Mean:
Euros
1st decile:
Euros
Median:
Euros
9th decile:
Euros
12/19/2024
4/17/2019
Yes
Statistics Finland, income distribution statistics
001_11x3_2022
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Field for searching for a specific value in the list box. This is examples of values you can search for.Disposable cash income (incl. capital gains) , Factor income (incl. capital gains) , Gross cash income (incl. capital gains) ,

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.... not available Data in euros are given in the value of the latest statistical year.
Statistical unit: person (dwelling population and household population).
Income concept: several.
Consumption unit scale: Eurostat's equivalence scale (1.0 - 0.5 - 0.3). Data from 1995 onwards are available from sample survey data (Income Distribution Survey/EU-SILC) and from entirely register-based data for the whole dwelling population. Income concepts and income units are slightly different in these sources (see concepts and definitions of income distribution statistics). Data from 1986 to 1994 are based on income distribution statistics sample data. Data from 1966 to 1981 are based on the Household Budget Survey.

Information

Gini coefficient (%)

The Gini index takes a value of 0 if everyone receives the same amount of income, and a value of 100 if one income recipient receives all the income. The higher the Gini coefficient, the greater the income disparities.
Data from the years 1986-1994 are from the sample-based income distribution survey, and from 1966-1981 from the Household Budget Survey. Since 1995, the primary source of data has been the full population entirely register-based dataset of the income distribution statistics.

Theil index

General entropy measure with a parameter value of 1. The Theil index is an income distribution measure that places more emphasis on the upper part of the income distribution. The larger the Theil index, the greater the income disparities.

Mean log deviation (MLD)

General entropy measure with a parameter value of 0. Logarithmic mean deviation (mean log deviation, MLD) is an income distribution index that places more emphasis on the lower part of the income distribution. The larger the logarithmic mean deviation, the greater the income disparities

Income quintile share ratio (S80/S20)

The income quintile share ratio or the S80/S20 ratio is a measure of the inequality of income distribution. It is calculated as the ratio of total income received by the 20 % of the population with the highest income (the top quintile) to that received by the 20 % of the population with the lowest income (the bottom quintile).

Income decile share ratio (S90/S10)

The income share of the highest income decile group (S90) divided by the income share of the lowest income decile group (S10).

Palma ratio

The income share of the highest income decile (S90) divided by the income share of the four lowest income deciles (S40). The Palma ratio is one if the income shares are equal.

Absolute Gini (mean absolute difference)

Mean absolute income differences (mean absolute difference), the arithmetic mean of the absolute values of all pairwise income differences in euros. The relative Gini is the absolute Gini divided by 2 times the mean income of the distribution, multiplied by one hundred.

1st decile

P10

Median

Median value

9th decile

P90